Izici zokukhula zingamakhemikhali okwenziwa (enziwe umuntu) akhuthaza amaseli ukuba ahlukane futhi athuthuke. Kunezinto eziningi ezihlukene zokukhula ezithinta izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli. Umzimba wakho wenza izici zokukhula ngokwemvelo.
Yiziphi izici zokukhula?
I-Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) ikhiqizwa emzimbeni ngamasosha omzimba futhi ikhuthaze ukwakheka kohlobo olulodwa lwengqamuzana elimhlophe legazi, i-neutrophil. Ama-neutrophils abamba iqhaza ekuphenduleni kokuvuvukala futhi anesibopho sokuthola nokubhubhisa amagciwane ayingozi, amagciwane, kanye nesikhunta esithile.
Ezinye izici zokukhula zingakhiqizwa elabhorethri. Lezi zingasetshenziswa ukukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli amasha ezigulini eziwadingayo.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-G-CSF zingasetshenziswa:
- I-Lenograstim (Granocyte®)
- I-Filgrastim (Neupogen®)
- I-Lipegfilgrastim (Lonquex®)
- I-Pegylated filgrastim (Neulasta®)
Ubani odinga izici zokukhula?
Ukuthi ukwelashwa nge-G-CSF kuyadingeka noma cha kuncike kulokhu:
- Uhlobo nesigaba se-lymphoma
- I-chemotherapy
- Ukuthi i-neutropenic sepsis yenzekile yini esikhathini esidlule
- Imithi edlule
- Ubudala
- Impilo ejwayelekile
Izinkomba ze-G-CSF
Kunezizathu ezimbalwa zokuthi kungani iziguli ze-lymphoma zingadinga ukuthola i-G-CSF. Izizathu zingabandakanya:
- Vimbela i-neutropenic sepsis. I-Chemotherapy ye-lymphoma ihlose ukubulala amaseli e-lymphoma kodwa amanye amaseli anempilo angase athinteke. Lokhu kuhlanganisa amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi abizwa ngokuthi ama-neutrophils. Ukwelashwa nge-G-CSF kusiza izibalo ze-neutrophil ukuthi zilulame ngokushesha. Ingasetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ingozi ye-neutropenic sepsis. Bangaphinda bavimbele ukubambezeleka noma ukunciphisa umthamo emijikelezweni ye-chemotherapy.
- Phatha i-neutropenic sepsis. I-Neutropenic sepsis yilapho isiguli esinezinga eliphansi lama-neutrophils sithola ukutheleleka esingakwazi ukulwa nakho futhi sibe yi-septic. Uma bengakutholi ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo, kungaba yingozi empilweni.
- Ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-stem cell kanye nokuhlanganisa ngaphambi kokufakelwa komnkantsha. Izici zokukhula zikhuthaza umnkantsha ukwenza ama-stem cells ngamanani amakhulu. Zibuye zibakhuthaze ukuba baphume emnkantsheni baye egazini, lapho bangaqoqwa kalula khona.
Inikezwa kanjani?
- I-G-CSF ivamise ukunikezwa njengomjovo ngaphansi kwesikhumba (ngaphansi kwesikhumba)
- Umjovo wokuqala unikezwa esibhedlela ukuze kuqashwe noma yikuphi ukusabela
- Umhlengikazi angakhombisa isiguli noma umuntu omesekayo ukuthi ijova kanjani i-G-CSF ekhaya.
- Umhlengikazi womphakathi angase avakashe nsuku zonke ukuze anikeze umjovo, noma unganikezwa kudokotela wokuhlinzwa.
- Ngokuvamile zifika ngokusetshenziswa kanye, amasirinji agcwaliswe ngaphambilini
- Imijovo ye-G-CSF kufanele igcinwe esiqandisini.
- Khipha umjovo efrijini imizuzu engu-30 ngaphambi kokuba udingeke. Ikhululeke kakhudlwana uma izinga lokushisa legumbi.
- Iziguli kufanele zilinganise izinga lokushisa lazo nsuku zonke futhi ziqaphele ezinye izimpawu zokutheleleka.
Imiphumela engemihle yemijovo ye-G-CSF
Amazinga amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi emzimbeni azohlolwa njalo ngokuhlolwa kwegazi kuyilapho iziguli zithola imijovo ye-G-CSF.
Imiphumela emibi eminingi evamile
- I-nausea
- Ukuvota
- Ubuhlungu be-Bone
- Fever
- Ukukhathala
- Ukulahlekelwa izinwele
- Uhudo noma ukuqunjelwa
- isiyezi
- Rash
- Ukuphathwa yikhanda
Qaphela: ezinye iziguli zingabhekana nobuhlungu obukhulu bamathambo, ikakhulukazi emhlane ophansi. Lokhu kwenzeka njengoba imijovo ye-G-CSF ibangela ukwanda okusheshayo kwama-neutrophils kanye nokusabela kokuvuvukala kumnkantsha wethambo. Umnkantsha utholakala ikakhulukazi endaweni ye-pelvic (hip/low back). Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ebuya. Lapho isiguli sincane kuba nobuhlungu obuningi, njengoba umnkantsha usaminyene lapho usemncane. Isiguli esikhulile sinomnkantsha omncane ominyene futhi ngokuvamile abuhlungu kodwa hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Izinto ezingasiza ukunciphisa ukungakhululeki:
- I-Paracetamol
- Iphakethe lokushisa
- I-Loratadine: i-antihistamine engaphezu kwekhawunta, enciphisa impendulo yokuvuvukala
- Xhumana nethimba lezokwelapha ukuze uthole i-analgesia eqinile uma okungenhla kungasizi
Bika noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi kakhulu ethimbeni lakho lezempilo.
Umphumela omubi ongavamile
Ezinye iziguli zingathola i-spleen ekhulisiwe. Tshela udokotela uma unayo:
- Umuzwa wokugcwala noma ukungakhululeki ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwesisu, ngaphansi kwezimbambo
- Ubuhlungu ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwesisu
- Ubuhlungu ekugcineni kwehlombe lesokunxele
